Explorar

The hunters' chant associated with Ògún, its vocal manner, the ìjálá artist and how he is judged, the contest setting, and what the chant does as self-portrait and as praise of animals.

Thirty-four Yorùbá proverbs on what wins a contest, what losing costs, the difference between being beaten and being humiliated, and the outcomes that no amount of effort alters, presented with the original, a literal gloss, a named translation, and the situation each is spoken in.