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Sourced Yorùbá proverbs about the ọjà, the market, as an economic institution and a public stage, and about the traders, buyers and sellers who work it.

A historical analysis of Madam Ẹfúnpọ̀róyè Ọ̀ṣúntinúbú, examining her career as a nineteenth-century merchant magnate, political kingmaker in Lagos and Abeokuta, and first Iyalode of Egbaland.

Precolonial Yoruba commerce operated through structured long-distance corridors, caravan logistics, toll systems, and coastal-savanna commodity exchanges.