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Oyeronke Oyewumi's argument that gender was not the primary organizing category of Yoruba society, the serious criticisms of it, and the documented record of women's authority.

An examination of the Yoruba market as a nexus of civic governance, trade regulation, female political authority, and sacred civic peace.

Fúnmiláyọ̀ Ransome-Kuti and the Abẹ́òkúta tax revolt, HID Awólọ́wọ̀, Wúràọlá Ẹsan, Fọláké Ṣólánkẹ́, Bọ́lá Kuforiji-Olubi, the Ìyálóde and Ìyálọ́jà offices in the modern state, and the Yoruba women who were first in law, medicine and the university.

The Ìyálóde, the Ìyálọ́jà, the Lóbùn of Ondó, the titled women inside the Ọ̀yọ́ palace, the documented cases of female ọba and regents, and what indirect rule did to all of it.

How market authority was structured, how trade wealth converted into political leverage and where that conversion was blocked, the credit system that financed women's trade, and the twentieth-century associations that turned market organisation into a political instrument.

Where Yoruba women stand now: near-total exclusion from elected office alongside high literacy and professional attainment, the market titles absorbed into party politics, the diaspora, and the feminist scholarship Yoruba women have produced.

The spatial organization, periodic cycles, political hierarchies, and regulatory institutions of Yoruba marketplaces.